Creating a Linux VM

Written by

Yandex.Cloud

Before you start
Creating VMs
Connecting to VMs
Configuring the serial console
Deleting VMs
What's next

Create a Linux virtual machine using Compute Cloud from the Yandex.Cloud management console and connect to it.

Before you start

To get started in Yandex.Cloud:

Log in to management console. If you aren't registered, go to the management console and follow the instructions.
On the billing page make sure that you enabled a billing account and that it has the ACTIVE or TRIAL_ACTIVE status. If you don't have a billing account, create one.
If you don't have a folder, create one.
If you don't have an SSH key pair yet, create one.

Creating VMs

To create a VM:

In the management console, select the folder to create your VM in.
In the list of services, select Compute Cloud.
Click Create VM.
Under Basic parameters:
- Enter a name and description for the VM. Naming requirements:
  - Length — from 3 to 63 characters.
  - The name may contain lowercase Latin letters, numbers, and hyphens.
  - The first character must be a letter. The last character can't be a hyphen.
  Note
  
  The VM name is used to generate the FQDN only once, when creating the VM. If the FQDN is important to you, choose an appropriate name for the VM at the creation stage.
- Select the availability zone to host the VM in.
Under Images from Cloud Marketplace, select an image and a Linux-based OS version.
(optional) Configure the boot disk under Disks:
- Specify the necessary disk size.
- Select a disk type.
If you want to create an instance from an existing disk, go to Disks to add a disk.
Under Computing resources:
- Choose the platform.
- Specify the guaranteed share and number of vCPUs and RAM you need.
- If necessary, make your VM preemptible.
- (optional) Enable a software-accelerated network.
Under Network settings:
- Specify the subnet ID or select a cloud network from the list. If you don't have a network, click Create a new network to create one:
  - In the window that opens, enter a name for the new network and choose a subnet to connect the virtual machine to. Each network must have at least one subnet (if there's no subnet, create one). Then click Create.
- In the Public IP field, choose a method for assigning an IP address:
  - Auto: Assign a random IP address from the Yandex.Cloud IP pool.
  - List: Select a public IP address from the list of previously reserved static addresses. For more information, see Making a dynamic public IP address static.
  - No address: Don't assign a public IP address.
- (optional) Create a record for the VM in the DNS zone. Expand the DNS settings for internal addresses section and specify the zone, FQDN, and TTL for the record. For more information, see Yandex Cloud DNS integration with Yandex Compute Cloud.
- (optional) Enable DDoS protection.
- Select the appropriate security groups (if there is no corresponding field, all incoming and outgoing traffic will be allowed for the VM).
Under Access, specify the data required to access the VM:
- (optional) Select or create a service account. By using a service account, you can flexibly configure access rights for your resources.
- Enter the username in the Login field.
  
  Alert
  
  Don't use the username root or other names reserved by the operating system. To perform operations that require superuser permissions, use the command sudo.
- In the SSH key field, paste the contents of the public key file.
Click Create VM.

The virtual machine appears in the list. When a VM is being created, it is assigned an IP address and hostname (FQDN).

Connecting to VMs

You can connect to a VM using the SSH protocol when it is running (the VM's status is RUNNING). You can use the ssh tool in Linux/macOS/Windows 10 or PuTTY in Windows 7/8.

Security groups of the VM must allow incoming TCP traffic to port 22.

Note

Security groups are at the Preview stage stage. If they aren't available in your network, all incoming and outgoing traffic will be allowed for the VM and no additional setup is required.

To connect to the VM, specify its public address. You can find out the public IP address in the management console. On the VM's page, go to the Network section and find the Public IPv4 field. If you created a VM with only an internal address, you need to create a new VM with a public address to make it accessible over the internet.

You can also use the internal IP addresses and FQDNs to establish an SSH connection between the VMs on a single Yandex.Cloud cloud network.

Linux/macOS

Windows 10

Windows 7/8

In the terminal, run the command:

ssh <username>@<VM_public_IP_address>

If you have multiple private keys, specify the one you need:

ssh -i <key_path/key_file_name> <username>@<VM_public_IP_address>

If this is the first time you connect to a VM, you'll see a warning about an unknown host:

The authenticity of host '130.193.40.101 (130.193.40.101)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:PoaSwqxRc8g6iOXtiH7ayGHpSN0MXwUfWHkGgpLELJ8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?

Type yes in the terminal and press Enter.

From the command line, run:

ssh <username>@<VM_public_IP_address>

If you have multiple private keys, specify the one you need:

ssh -i <key_path\key_file_name> <username>@<VM_public_IP_address>

If this is the first time you connect to a VM, you'll see a warning about an unknown host:

The authenticity of host '130.193.40.101 (130.193.40.101)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:PoaSwqxRc8g6iOXtiH7ayGHpSN0MXwUfWHkGgpLELJ8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?

Type yes in the command prompt and press Enter.

In Windows, a connection is established using the PuTTY application.

Run the Pageant application.
1. Right-click on the Pageant icon in the task bar.
2. In the context menu, select Add key.
3. Select a PuTTY-generated private key in the .ppk format. If a password is set for the key, enter it.
Run PuTTY.
1. In the Host Name (or IP address) field, enter the public IP address of the VM you want to connect to. Specify port 22 and SSH as the connection type.
2. In the tree on the left, select Connection - SSH - Auth.
3. Set the Allow agent forwarding option.
4. In the Private key file for authentication field, select the file with the private key.
5. Go back to the Sessions menu. In the Saved sessions field, enter any session name and click Save. The session settings are saved under the specified name. You can use this session profile to connect using Pageant.
6. Click Open. If this is the first time you connect to a VM, you might see a warning about an unknown host:
  
  Click Yes. A terminal window opens suggesting that you enter the login of the user on whose behalf the connection is being established. Type the user name that you specified when creating the VM and press Enter. If everything is configured correctly, the connection with the server will be established.